区块链具有去中心化、无须中心信任、不可篡改和加密安全等特点，正在走进政府决策、金融机构、大型企业的视野，并应用于数字货币、支付清算、信贷融资、金融交易。
The block chain, which is decentralized, non-centre confidence-free, non-manufacturing and encryption secure, is entering the horizon of government decision-making, financial institutions, large enterprises and is applied to digital currency, payment liquidation, credit financing, financial transactions.
区块链能用来干什么？从目前来看，区块链最明显的应用就是比特币。区块链最早得到关注也得益于比特币。
What does a block chain do? The most obvious application of the block chain at present is bitcoin. The first attention to the block chain also benefits from bitcoin.
国金证券计算机行业首席分析师钱路丰表示，区块链目前最为典型的应用场景有三类：
The chief analyst in the national gold securities computer industry, Jian Lufeng, indicated that there are currently three most typical applications to the block chain:
一是币类应用，如比特币、以太币等；
One is currency applications, such as bitcoins, e-bitcoins, etc.;
二是传统金融领域，比如区块链技术联盟R3、Hyperledger等，汇聚了高盛、中国平安、汇丰、IBM等机构，致力于在金融领域的跨境支付、金融票据管理等应用场景；
The second is the traditional areas of finance, such as block chain technology union R3, Hyperledger and others, which bring together such institutions as Goldman Sachs, China Peace, Hong Kong Exchange, IBM and are committed to the application of cross-border payments in the financial field, financial instrument management, etc.;
三是非金融的领域，如在能源、奢侈品、电信、互联网等领域。
Three are non-financial areas, such as energy, luxury goods, telecommunications and the Internet.
A股计算机板块的上市公司，都在股权投资、技术研发、项目合作等方面对区块链进行积极的布局。但因为孵化一新的团队、新的项目/产品/服务，需要一定的时间，很多上市公司在区块链技术研发、场景化应用等方面，还处于前期培育试错阶段。
Listed companies in the A-share computer section are active in the layout of block chains in terms of equity investment, technology research and development, and project cooperation. But it will take some time to incubate a new team, new projects/products/services, and many listed companies are still at the wrong stage of breeding the sequence in terms of technology development, landscape applications, etc.
就区块链在金融与非金融领域的应用，兴业证券表示，目前包括银行、交易所在内的众多传统金融机构对区块链的分布式账本等技术给予高度重视，并开始探索其在跨境支付、票据交易、证券发行等环节的实际应用，部分业内领先者已经进入概念验证与项目实施阶段。
With regard to the application of block chains in the financial and non-financial fields, the booming securities indicated that a large number of traditional financial institutions, including banks and exchanges, currently attached great importance to techniques such as block chain distribution books and began to explore their practical application in the context of cross-border payments, paper transactions, securities issuance, etc., and that some industry leaders had entered the conceptual validation and project implementation phase.
伴随着共识机制等底层算法的改进与革新，互联网企业与非金融业企业也开始探索区块链在供应链管理、版权流转、病例管理等金融外领域应用的可能性。（职业盘点）
Along with improvements and innovations in bottom algorithms, such as consensus mechanisms, Internet and non-financial enterprises have also begun to explore the possibility of block chains being applied outside the financial sphere in such areas as supply chain management, copyright transfer, case management, etc. (occupational inventory).
以医药为例，区块链能带来什么好处？
What benefits does a block chain offer?
医药圈有人士表示，随着区块链政策的落实，“区块链+医药”有望进一步促进医药市场的良性发展。
The pharmaceutical community has indicated that with the implementation of the block chain policy & & & & & & & & & & & & & & is expected to further promote the virtuous development of the pharmaceutical market.
笔者了解到，区块链是分布式数据存储、点对点传输、共识机制、加密算法等计算机技术的新型应用模式。而所谓共识机制是区块链系统中实现不同节点之间建立信任、获取权益的数学算法。
I understand that block chains are new applications of computer technology, such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, encryption algorithms, etc. The so-called consensus mechanism is mathematical algorithms for building trust and acquiring rights between nodes in block chain systems.
业内介绍，区块链的本质上是一个去中心化的数据库。同时作为比特币的底层技术，区块链是一串使用密码学方法相关联产生的数据块，每一个数据块中包含了一次比特币网络交易的信息，用于验证其信息的有效性(防伪)和生成下一个区块。
In business, the block chain is essentially a decentralised database. As the bottom of Bitcoin, the block chain is a series of data blocks that are linked by cryptography, each containing information on a Bitcoin network transaction that is used to verify the validity of its information (security) and to generate the next block.
区块链数据稳定且不可更改
区块链的数据稳定性和可靠性非常高。而数据的稳定性以及可靠性在医药行业中至关重要，并且一度成为药企监管的难题，区块链技术能够将药品从采摘到出厂销售过程的药物原料、加工等各个环节的成本实现高度透明化，有效降低药品可追溯难度。
The data stability and reliability of the block chain are very high. And the stability and reliability of the data are crucial in the pharmaceutical industry and have once become a regulatory challenge for pharmaceutical companies. The block chain technology has been able to achieve a high degree of transparency in the costs of the various links, such as the extraction of drugs from the raw materials and the processing of the product during the marketing process, effectively reducing the traceability of the drug.
另外，由于区块链具有不可变性、加盖时间戳并且可防篡改，因此也能够帮助药厂在对药物研发过程的数据进行记录和获取。
In addition, the non-variability of the block chain, the stamping of time and the possibility of tampering with it can also help pharmacies to record and obtain data on drug research and development processes.
笔者了解到，早在2017年4月，美国旧金山的区块链初创公司Chronicled与生命科学供应链LinkLab就曾合作发起过利用区块链技术“追踪定位”处方药的试验，旨在打击假冒药品分销出售行为。
As early as April 2017, I learned that Chronicled, the first-generation company of the block chain in San Francisco, United States, and LinkLab, the life sciences supply chain, had co-sponsored the use of block chain technology & ldquao; tracking and locating ” and testing prescription drugs to combat the distribution of counterfeit medicines.
据悉，当时参与活动的不仅有全球各地的制药商、批发商和医院的代表，还有企业级IT巨头和区块链科技公司。该活动标志着制药行业可互操作区块链平台开发试验进入第一阶段。
The event, which was known to have involved not only pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers and representatives of hospitals from around the globe, but also corporate IT giants and block chain technology companies, marked the first phase of a pilot development of interoperable block-chain platforms for the pharmaceutical industry.
区块链技术在医药领域被看好
2017年，5月18日，中国医药供应链高峰论坛暨医药生态圈创新大会上，由16家单位发起的全国医药流通行业区块链联盟正式成立，区块链技术在中国医药领域的应用推广就此拉开了序幕。 2017年的6月份，国内头一个基于区块链的药品追溯服务平台——紫云药安宝药品追溯云服务平台正式上线，该区块链平台能够确保追溯数据保存完好，且不可更改，有利于彰显产品质量，体现药企对药品安全负责的主体责任。该企业基于区块链的药品追溯服务平台在国际上处于靠前的地位。
In June 2017, China’s first drug-retroactivity service platform, based on a block chain & mdash; & mdash; and the Vitro-Claude drug-retroactivity service platform, which ensures that retroactive data are kept intact and unalterable, which helps to highlight the quality of products and reflects the primary responsibility of pharmaceutical companies for drug safety. The enterprise’s drug-retroactivity service platform, based on a block chain, is in the forefront of international efforts.
随着区块链技术在医药行业中逐渐被普及和了解，越来越多的企业也开始尝试探讨这项技术的潜在应用。据悉，2017年6月份，一项对120名生命科学主管进行的调查发现，83%的人认为这项技术将在五年内得到采用。可见区块链结束在医药零售备受关注和看好。
As block chain technology becomes widely available and understood in the pharmaceutical industry, an increasing number of businesses are beginning to explore its potential applications. In June 2017, a survey of 120 life science managers found that 83% believed that the technology would be adopted within five years.
“区块链在医药行业的潜在优势不仅仅在于保护供应链，还在于保护客户的安全，另外在速度上也值得肯定。”业内人士如是表示。 （中国制药网）
& ldquo; the potential advantage of block chains in the pharmaceutical industry is not only to protect the supply chain, but also to protect the safety of customers, and also to be recognized in terms of speed. ” industry people say so. (China Pharmaceutical Network)
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