作者：刘四红 来源： BBT Fintech圈子
Author: Liu Xianhong Source: BBT Fintech Circle
从1万元兴致勃勃入场，到1000元黯然割肉，近两日，币圈投资小白向北京商报记者讲述了他今年以来的血泪投资史，快钱没赚成反被割韭菜，和他一样，很多投资人都未曾想到的是，这是一个螳螂捕蝉黄雀在后的游戏：投资人“侥幸”币价上涨，而项目方则看重的是如何持续收割。推广、控盘、收割，记者通过多方调查，试图揭露币圈资金盘的多个套路。
From $10,000 to $1,000 to $1,000 worth of meat cut-off, for almost two days, the ring invested in the history of his blood and tears invested in this year’s business reporter in Beijing, and, like him, many investors did not think that it was a game of roaches caught later: the investor’s “probably” currency price rose, while the project’s focus was on how to sustain the harvest. Promotion, control, harvesting, and journalists tried to expose multiple channels of money in the ring through multiple investigations.
小白血泪投资史：
History of Blood and Tear Investment:
快钱没赚成反被割韭菜
{\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}Quick money doesn't make inverted vegetables.
“本想单车变摩托，现在可好，亏了个底朝天！”一名初涉币圈的投资人陶敏（化名）向北京商报记者哭诉道。今年初，他在朋友的推荐下参与了一个币圈项目方的投资，本来想着赚一波快钱，但未曾想到自己也沦为了别人刀俎上的“鱼肉”。
“It's good to be a biker now!” A first-time investor in the currency world, Tomin, cried to a reporter in Beijing. At the beginning of the year, he was involved in an investment in a currency company with the advice of a friend who wanted to make a quick wave of money, but didn't think that he had become a “fish” on someone else's knife.
陶敏是一名毕业刚满一年的年轻人，上大学时就对比特币等虚拟货币有所耳闻。陶敏告诉北京商报记者，“因为不懂所以一直不敢碰，但每次听到币价大涨又后悔自己缺乏尝试和冒险精神，以至于错过了一波又一波‘红利’”。
Tomin, a young man who had graduated a year earlier, had heard of virtual currency such as Bitcoin when he went to college. Tomín told the Beijing newspaper reporter, “I've been afraid to touch it because I don't know, but every time I hear a huge rise in currency prices and regret my lack of attempt and adventure, I miss a wave of ‘dividends’.”
直到今年3月初，比特币价格在冲上1万美元关口后迅速走低，在短期价格跌破8000美元时，陶敏下决心开户买了1万元的比特币。“我觉得抄底的机会来了，等到再上1万美元的时候卖出去，赚点快钱就好。”然而，陶敏未曾想到的是，自他入场后，比特币价格并未如愿上涨，反而跌跌不休。从跌破7000美元、6000美元、5000美元甚至4000美元，仅用了不到两天的时间。
By the beginning of March, the price of Bitcoin had fallen rapidly after hitting the $10,000 threshold, and when the short-term price fell by $800, Domin was determined to open the account and buy $10,000 in bitcoin. “I think the chance to take the bottom was to sell it by another $10,000, making quick money.” However, Domin did not think that, since his arrival, the price of Bitcoin had not risen as much as he hoped, but had fallen. It took less than two days to break the $7,000, $6,000, $5,000 or even $4,000.
等到3月底，比特币在“触底”后逐渐回调至6000美元，但价格仍处于忽涨忽跌趋势，波动极大。陶敏称，“当时看比特币价格一直上不来，感觉重上1万美元希望不大，从最开始入场想着赚点快钱，到后来只祈求能涨回到买入时的价钱，1万元回本就好，已经不抱着赚钱的想法了”。
By the end of March, Bitcoin had gradually returned to $6,000 after “touching down,” but prices were still rising and falling, with extreme volatility. Tomín said, “Looking at the price of Bitcoin at that time, there was little hope that it would be $10,000, starting from the very beginning, thinking of making quick money, then hoping only to raise the price back to the purchase, 10,000 dollars back, not thinking of making money”.
不过，陶敏很快就遇到了“真香”事件。4月初，比特币价格仍在6500美元左右徘徊，一币圈人士向陶敏推荐了一个名为AK的项目。据介绍，该项目是原有公链CXC新开发的一个超级节点挖矿平台，并发行了相应虚拟币AK币。从宣传来看，该项目方自称为又一颠覆性创新发明，在技术和模式上有了更新飞跃；另在投资方式上，该项目称可通过比特币对撞（购买）、挖矿等方式产出，并承诺开通后将上线交易所。
At the beginning of April, the price of Bitcoin remained at around $6,500, with one-rate circles recommending a project called AK. The project was described as a new, super-node mining platform for CXC in the public chain, with the corresponding virtual currency AK.
“这是一个挖矿项目，之前我就见朋友挖矿赚到过钱，后来上了交易所币价涨了20倍。我当时想着也可以入场割一波韭菜，毕竟只要能上交易所，肯定是稳赚不赔。” 陶敏向北京商报记者介绍道。
“It's a mining project, and I've seen my friends get paid to dig, and then I get 20 times the price of the exchange. I thought I could come in and cut a wave of pickles, and I'm sure I'll make a lot of money when I get on the exchange.” Tomín told a reporter in Beijing.
然而，“意外”很快在陶敏身上再次发生。4月初，陶敏将所持比特币资产以40元的价格全部购入AK币，共198枚，投资共计7970元。等到上线交易所后，该币种从4月8日的26元迅速涨至4月10日的51元，就在陶敏自以为翻盘机会将来之时，好景不长，4月18日，AK币价格雪崩式下跌至30元，当时，陶敏投入的资金已缩水至5940元。此后，AK币于6月初再现瀑布式下跌，截至发稿时间6月8日，AK币报价仅10元，陶敏投入的资金由5940元再次缩水至1980元。
However, the “unfortunate” quickly reoccurs in Tomin. In early April, Tomin bought all of the Bitcoin assets at $40 for a total of 198 coins and invested $797. After the online exchange, the currency rose rapidly from $26 on 8 April to $51 on 10 April, which was less than good on 18 April, when the price fell to $30. At that time, the money invested by Tomin had shrunk to $5940.
当被问及为何不及时止损时，陶敏称：“也有好几次想割肉退出，但一直抱着价格会涨回去的侥幸心态，直到被割了一茬又一茬的时候，才后知后觉后悔莫及。”
When asked why the damage had not been stopped in time, Tamin said: “There were several times when he wanted to cut his meat, but he kept holding the chance that prices would rise back until he was cut and then he felt regretless.”
值得注意的是，当前，类似陶敏这类案例并不少见，各个微信群社区，集结了一波又一波的投机者。
It is noteworthy that, at present, cases such as that of Taomi are not uncommon and that micro-group communities gather waves of speculators.
资金盘套路不止：
“控盘”式慢性收割
与投机者不同，作为“镰刀手”的项目方，又是如何吸引“韭菜”入场？主要有哪些套路？
Unlike speculators, how is it possible, as a “sick-handler” project, to attract “scaffolds” to the field? What are the main routing?
一币圈人士林晓（化名）告诉北京商报记者，当前，根据投资人的投资需求，币圈资金盘发行也会有固定的发行周期，一般3、4月是项目方推广资金盘的黄金期，也就是 “韭菜”们过完年后，投资需求最为旺盛之时。他向记者透露了资金盘操作的基本套路，总体就是通过高收益吸引投资者入场，基于币价的一次次控盘，给投资者尝到一定甜头后，再一步步进行收割。
One-currency player, Lin Xiao, told the Beijing Business Journal reporter that, based on investors' investment needs, the circulation of the money chain is now subject to a fixed distribution cycle, usually in March or April, when the project’s promoters have the highest demand for investment after the end of their life. He revealed to journalists the basic set of ways in which the money bank operates, generally to attract investors to the market through high returns, a sub-control board based on currency prices, and to give investors a taste of some sweets, and then to harvest them on a step-by-step basis.
具体来看，资金盘项目方一般会通过大肆宣扬区块链技术、鼓吹团队是国外高级资深技术员等方式，对项目进行“华丽”包装，并通过高收益、稳赚不赔等宣传，对资金项目进行线上、线下等多渠道推广，吸引新的资金入场。林晓直言道，“从目前来看，项目方最喜欢的是老人和小白”。
In particular, the FSP projecters generally package the project “beautiful” by promoting block chain technology, advocating that the team be a senior technician from abroad, and promote the project through a variety of channels, such as high-yielding, secure and non-compensable, to attract new funding. Lin Xiaoqiao said, “For the time being, the project's favorite is the elderly and Xiaobing”.
而等投资者资金到位后，项目方一般不会立即进行收割，而是会选择在“韭菜”达到一定体量、币价涨至一定高位时再进行砸盘。据林晓所述，“第一波砸盘，一般都是项目方以抛售的方式在操作，他们会控制币价下跌，但又会保持在用户出现亏损又不至于太严重的范围。例如投入1万元大概亏损1000元左右，项目方既能实现自己套现，又不至于对‘韭菜’们造成太大冲击。”
When investors have the funds in place, the project party does not tend to harvest immediately, but rather chooses to hit the plate when the “scaffles” reach a certain size and the currency rises to a certain height. According to Lin Xiao, “the first wave, which is usually sold by the project party, will control the currency’s price decline, but it will also keep the user’s losses to a level that is not too severe. For example, by investing 10,000 dollars, the project will be able to cover itself without causing too much damage to the pickles.”
而在第一波小幅砸盘后，该资金盘会维持一定时间的横盘或者微幅上涨状态。林晓告诉北京商报记者，项目方此操作主要是给被割的 “韭菜”浇水，以维持原有“生命力”。一方面让亏损的 “韭菜”们看到每日稳定收益，从而给他们营造 “试图通过每日收益来挽回之前损失”的错觉，也就是培养“韭菜”们的赌性心理。另一方面，也会通过社群对用户进行心理安抚，如通过各种洗脑话术，挽回“韭菜”信心，以达到后者继续持仓的目的。整个过程类似螳螂捕蝉黄雀在后的游戏，投资人“侥幸”币价还能上涨，而项目方则看重的是如何持续收割。
Lin Xiao told the Beijing merchant reporter that the operation was mainly to water the cutted “brooms” to maintain their former “lives.” On the one hand, the losers “brooms” saw a steady daily gain, thus creating an illusion that they would “try to recover their previous losses by making daily gains” – that is, to develop the gambling mentality of the “brooms.” On the other hand, the users would be psychologically reassured, for example, by using brainwashing techniques to restore confidence in the “brooms” in order to achieve the latter’s continued storage.
让“老韭菜”持续持仓，一是为了维持盘面稳定，二则是为了吸引更多新入场的“韭菜”从而实现持续收割。林晓称，除了安抚“受伤的韭菜”外，项目方另一方面还在线下加大资金盘推广，如宣传币价已到低位，以价格优势等吸引更多“新韭菜”入场等。
According to Lin Xiao, in addition to plaguing “injured pickles”, the project has increased its fund-raising efforts online, such as advertising that currency prices are low and attracting more “new pickles” at a price advantage.
“随着一波又一波的‘韭菜’入场，项目方一波又一波地收割，直至推广末期，币价会一砸到底，这个时候项目方已经完成套现，也不会再费精力维护项目，而‘韭菜’们只能自生自灭。”林晓如是称。
“With wave after wave of pickles coming in, the project side harvests at wave after wave until the end of the roll-out, when the money will be blown to the bottom, the project side will have completed the set-up and will no longer have to spend any effort to maintain the project, and the chords will have to die.” Lin Xiaoqiao called it.
当前，币圈资金盘套路层出不穷，林晓向北京商报记者透露，除了“控盘”这类慢性收割的方式外，还不乏更凶残的“杀猪盘”模式存在，简单来说就是基于中心化钱包包装出来的一种模式，当用户投的钱进入项目方手中，达到一定量的资金规模后，很多项目方会一次性卷钱跑路。此外，针对一些已经快烂尾的资金盘项目，还有项目方开发出 “换盘”等模式，即宣称可用原来被砸盘的虚拟货币兑换新的币种，从而“唤醒”用户再进行二次收割。
At the moment, Lin Xiao has revealed to his reporter in Beijing that there is no shortage of more brutal “pig-killing” models than the form of chronic harvests such as “controls” – a model that is simply based on a centralized wallet – and that when a user invests money into the project party’s hands and reaches a certain level of funding, many of the projects will roll the money. In addition, for some of the fast-developing funds, there is also a model developed by the project party, such as a “plate exchange” that claims that a new currency can be exchanged using the original destroyed virtual currency, thereby “awakeing” the user for a second harvest.
一位不愿具名的资深人士告诉北京商报记者，目前资金盘在借用区块链的通证经济后，整个模式发生了较大的变化。就以前的资金盘而言，更多采用的是多级代理、消费（全）返利等常见的许诺低风险高收益，来达到汇集资金池等做法；而现在融入区块链因素之后，更多借用了一系列区块链包含挖矿、交易、合约等模式进行包装。总体来说，主要通过多级传销、承诺低风险超高收益，有的甚至以中途退出收取高额手续费的形式，阻止进入资金盘的资金退出。
A senior and unnamed individual told the Beijing merchants that the portfolio was currently undergoing a major change in the overall pattern after borrowing the transhipment economy of the block chain. For the previous round, the usual promises of low-risk returns, such as multi-level agents, consumption (full) returns, were used more often than not to reach the pool; and now, after integrating into the block chain, a series of block chains were used to package them in such a way as to include mining, trading, contracts, and the like.
中国银行法学研究会理事肖飒则从法律的角度指出，当前，不同类型的资金盘模式和套路形式多样，需抛开表象看实质法律关系。在她看来，不同的资金盘模式，投资人与操盘方处于不同的法律关系之中，进而会面临不同的法律风险，包括但不限于一般财产损失、遭遇诈骗以及传销组织活动等。因此，建议币圈投资人减少侥幸心理，充分了解投资项目与项目运作机理，了解法律常识，及时寻求专业人士帮助等。
bank of China/span>span
监管加码严打：
Superscription:
从资金端掐断非法交易
Interrupted illegal transactions from the fund
值得注意的是，针对币圈乱象不止的资金盘现象，多方监管已在加码打击。不仅是金融监管部门以行政手段发布“禁令”，且多地公安部门均已行动起来执法。
It is worth noting that, in response to currency turmoil, multiple controls have been countered. Not only are financial regulators administratively issuing “bans”, but many public security authorities have taken action to enforce the law.
正如近日，多方监管部门发布提示称，一些不法分子打着“金融创新”“区块链”的旗号，通过发行所谓“虚拟货币”“虚拟资产”“数字资产”等吸收资金，实则是炒作区块链概念，行非法集资、传销、诈骗之实。
As has been the case in recent days, multiple regulators have issued reminders that some outlaws, under the banner of “fiscal innovation” “block chains”, absorb funds through the issuance of so-called “virtual currency” “virtual assets” “digital assets”, are making up the concept of block chains, collecting, distributing and defrauding illegally.
此外，针对“出海”经营逃避监管，一接近监管人士告诉北京商报记者，当前，不管公司主体设在国内还是国外，只要涉及到为国内消费者提供非法交易通道，就要被严惩。此外不仅针对发币企业主体，只要为注册在境外的虚拟货币交易平台提供引流、服务以及资金通道的企业均要打击。
Moreover, in the case of “going to the sea” operations, close regulators have told Beijing merchant journalists that at present, regardless of whether the subject of the company is located in the country or abroad, it is severely punished if it involves providing illegal trade routes for domestic consumers. Moreover, it is not only for money-distributors, but also for businesses registered abroad to provide a channel for channelling, services, and money.
其中的一个杀手锏就是“掐断”资金。北京商报记者从知情人士处了解到，近日有大量币圈人士的银行卡遭到冻结，多家币圈交易所OTC交易出现“冻卡”现象，该知情人士称，被冻卡主要是近期多地警方加码打击电信诈骗与资金盘等所致。受此冲击，很多币圈机构已停止大宗交易等相关业务。
One of the killers is the “cut-off” of money. According to sources in the Beijing newspaper, bank cards of a large number of currency circles have been frozen in recent days, and the multi-currency exchange OTC deals have been “frozen” – according to the source – mainly as a result of the recent increase in police codes to combat telecommunication fraud and money laundering.
“多部门参与的联合治理机制将发挥重要作用。虽然打击涉区块链诈骗在法律上有待完善，但监管合力，有助于精准治理。”肖飒指出。
“Joint governance mechanisms with multisectoral participation will play an important role. While the fight against block-link fraud has yet to be completed in law, regulatory synergies can help in precise governance.” Shaw Xiang noted.
上海对外经贸大学人工智能变革与管理学院区块链技术研究与应用研究中心主任刘峰则称，要从源头治理防范币圈资金盘乱象，主要还是要考虑人、财、事三个维度来进行。从人的角度而言，需要对区块链市场参与者进行足够的风险警示，帮助参与者最大限度进行风险识别和投资决策；从财的角度来看，对于相关非法项目投融资活动，需要监管层进行必要监管、定期报告，实行监管常态化；另从事的角度来看，项目的募资和运营模式需要能够被识别，一旦分析到有资金盘或传销盘模式的，相关监管部门可根据实际情况，第一时间相应处置。
Liu Feng, Director of the Technical Research and Applied Research Centre of the Artificial Intelligent Change and Management Institute of Shanghai, said that it was important to manage the money chain from its source, taking into account three dimensions: people, money, and events. From the human point of view, there was a need for adequate risk warnings for market participants in the block chain to help participants maximize their risk identification and investment decisions; from the financial point of view, the necessary regulatory oversight, regular reporting and regulatory regularization of financing of related illegal projects; from the other point of view, the funding and operating model of the project needed to be identified and, once the funding or distribution board model was analysed, the relevant regulatory authorities could deal with it in the first place, depending on the circumstances.
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