随着互联网和区块链技术的发展，一种新型货币——虚拟币应运而生。有人从中看到“商机”，无业青年郝楠等人，向境内个人收取人民币资金后，以泰达币、以太币等虚拟币为媒介，通过虚拟币交易平台在境外兑换为韩元，再以现钞或银行账户转账的方式将韩元资金交付给上述境内个人，并赚取手续费，前后共将1.26亿元人民币兑换韩元给付给客户。记者日前从钟楼区检察院获悉，2021年12月28日，郝楠等6人因涉嫌非法经营罪，被该院提起公诉。
With the development of Internet and block chain technology, a new currency – the virtual currency – has emerged. Some see a “business opportunity” in which unemployed young Hao Nan et al., who collect funds in the renminbi from individuals in the country, exchange them for Korean Won abroad through virtual currency trading platforms, and then hand over Korean Won funds in cash or bank account transfers to individuals in the above-mentioned territories and earn fees, and then exchange the won for Korean Won to customers.
2016年，时年21岁的无业青年郝楠发现虚拟币涨跌很刺激，梦想一夜暴富的他投身到虚拟币的炒作中，而后又开始利用国家之间虚拟币的价差进行“搬砖”获利。然而，虚拟币可以让人一夜暴富，也可以让人一夜爆仓。2018年，郝楠在一种新型虚拟币的炒作过程中发生巨幅亏损。为了挽回损失，他亟需及时寻找新的盈利点。
In 2016, a 21-year-old unemployed young man, Hao Nam, discovered that the virtual currency was so exciting to rise and fall that he dreamt of being rich overnight into the virtual currency campaign, and then began to take advantage of the price differentials between countries for “brick-lifting” profits. However, the virtual currency could make people rich overnight, or it could blow up overnight. In 2018, he suffered a huge loss in the course of a new virtual currency campaign. In order to recover his losses, he urgently needed to find new profit points in time.
一次偶然的机会，郝楠认识了从事韩国代购生意的高杨。高杨的代购生意做得很大，每天需要将大量的人民币兑换成韩元，在韩国的免税店进行采购。郝楠利用自己掌握的在国内和韩国之间搬运虚拟币的通道，尝试帮助高杨将人民币转化成虚拟币后，再在韩国平台上卖出，获得韩元，从中赚取了一笔不小的手续费。
On an occasional occasion, Hao-nan knew that he was engaged in a Korean sub-purchase business. Go Yeon’s sub-purchase business was very good, requiring the exchange of a large amount of renminbi into Korean won every day, and buying it in a South Korean tax-free shop.
郝楠发现，利用虚拟币买卖外汇有利可图，决定把生意做大。高杨便成了郝楠瞄准的第一个生意伙伴。高杨每天的兑换量很大，他还认识很多同样从事韩国代购生意的人。此外，郝楠又拉来几个亲朋好友一起入伙。他们用人民币向币商（手上拥有大量虚拟币的人）收购大量虚拟币泰达币（USDT），通过币币交易，转化成以太坊（ETH）或者比特币（BTC），因为这两种虚拟币可以跨国流通。随后，再将以太坊（ETH）或者比特币（BTC）搬运至韩国的虚拟币交易平台卖出，获得韩元。最后，他们根据国内平台虚拟币对人民币的价格和韩国平台虚拟币对韩元的价格，以及币币之间的交易价格，计算出一个人民币兑韩元的价格，再加上手续费，兑换给需要韩元的客户，从而牟利。
In addition, Hao’s relatives and friends joined in the company. They bought large amounts of real currency (USDT) from money dealers (who held large amounts of virtual currency) and converted it into a currency exchange (ETH) or Bitcoin (BTC) as the first business partner to be targeted at.
与国内法定机构换汇相比，通过郝楠团伙换汇没有限额，较为便捷，再加上换汇价格也相对适中，因此，郝楠拥有了固定的客户群，其中最多的便是韩国留学生和韩国免税店老板。直到2021年3月案发，郝楠团伙通过上述方式，共将1.26亿元人民币兑换韩元给付给客户，郝楠个人非法获利50万元。
Compared to the exchange of remittances by the domestic statutory bodies, the exchange of money through the Hao Nan group is not limited and easy, and the exchange price is relatively moderate. As a result, Hao has a fixed client base, with the largest number of students in Korea and the owner of the Korean tax-free shop.
检察官提醒，根据我国相关法律法规，任何组织、个人在我国境内从事外汇买卖、结售汇业务，必须获得国家外汇管理部门许可并在指定的场所进行。本案中，郝楠等人在国家规定的交易场所外进行外汇买卖结算等行为，应认定为非法买卖外汇行为，构成非法经营罪。（文中人物均为化名）
The Public Prosecutor reminds that, in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of the country, any organization or individual engaged in foreign exchange trading or foreign exchange operations in our country must obtain the permission of the State Foreign Exchange Administration and carry out such operations at designated locations. In this case, the conduct of foreign exchange trading and settlement outside the country's prescribed trading premises, such as Hao Nan and others, is considered to be illegal trade in foreign currency and constitutes an offence of illegal business.
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