撰写者：侯潇怡，实习生王文妍
Author: Yee Ho, intern Wang Wen Yeon
虚拟货币市场经历连日来的剧烈波动，尤其是比特币和以太坊等重要币种持续震荡。5月23日，比特币收盘价触及34679.70美元/枚，下跌幅度达7.39%，日内最低点更一度跌至31192.40美元/枚，跌幅高达16.71%。至5月24日午间，比特币价格重新站上35000美元/枚大关，报收于35289.90美元/枚。
The virtual currency market has experienced severe fluctuations over time, particularly in important currencies such as Bitcoin and Ether. On 23 May, Bitcoin received $34,679.70, a decline of 7.39 per cent, and its lowest point in the day fell to $31,192.40, a drop of 16.71 per cent. By mid-day, 24 May, Bitcoin prices had re-positioned at $35,000.00.90.
早在本月早些时候，虚拟货币已上演过一轮恐慌性崩盘。5月19日，比特币价格一度跌破31000美元/枚，创下了自今年2月8日以来的新低，相比前一个月逼近65000美元/枚的历史高位，累计跌幅达到了惊人53.3%。
As early as this month, the virtual currency began a panic crash. On May 19, Bitcoin prices fell by $31,000, reaching a new low since February 8, compared to the historic high of $65,000 in the previous month, with an alarming cumulative fall of 53.3 per cent.
虚拟货币市场的巨幅波动叠加对虚拟货币交易和挖矿加强监管的预期，导致了一系列加密货币交易所暂停提币并频发宕机事件，投资者也因此纷纷面临爆仓危机。
The high volatility of the virtual currency market, coupled with the expectation of increased regulation of virtual currency transactions and mining, has led to a series of frozen currency exchanges that have suspended the withdrawal of currencies and experienced frequent business events, which have also led investors to face a panic crisis.
同时，这一系列风波引发了整个虚拟货币产业链条及头部平台业务布局的重大调整。例如，火币最近宣布，鉴于市场波动加剧，为保护投资者利益，将暂时不对部分国家和地区的新用户开放合约、杠杆和ETP等服务。自5月23日起，火币商城也将暂停向中国大陆境内的用户提供矿机及衍生服务。对于已购买BTC矿机产品的用户（含“矿机托管”、“一站式”“无忧挖矿”），火币也暂停提供矿机托管服务，并自同日起执行机器停电下架。
At the same time, this series of windwaves has triggered major adjustments in the business layout of the entire virtual money industry chain and head platforms. For example, in view of the increased volatility of the market, it has recently been announced that services such as contracts, leverage, and ETP will not be open for new users in some countries and regions for the time being for the benefit of investors.
复盘“5.19”交易所集体暂停提现风波5月19日，在虚拟货币恐慌式崩盘的夜晚，全球最大加密货币交易所币安通过社交媒体发布消息，表示因网络拥堵暂停以太坊ETH及基于ERC20标准的代币提取。紧随其后，火币也在当晚发布公告，暂停ERC20代币提现。
On May 19, on the night of the virtual currency panic crash, the world’s largest encrypted currency exchange posted a message via social media saying that it had been suspended by cyber congestion with ETH and ERC20-based tokens. Immediately after that, the tender was also announced that night, the ERC20 was suspended.
当天晚些时候，币安再次发布通知，表示暂停除BTCUP、BTCDOWN、ETHUP、ETHDOWN、BNBUP、BNBDOWN以外的所有杠杆代币交易，并暂停所有杠杆代币的申购和赎回功能。几乎在同一时间，Coinbase出现了卡顿现象，随后发布声明承认其平台存在问题，部分功能无法正常使用。与此同时，Kraken和Gemini交易所也报告了用户连接问题和平台延迟的情况。
Later that day, CurrencyAd issued a further notice to suspend all leverage transactions in currencies other than BTCUP, BTCDOWN, ETHUP, ETHDOWN, BNBUP, BNBDOWN, and all leverage money requisitions and foreclosures. Almost at the same time, Coinbase had a Caden phenomenon, followed by a statement acknowledging that its platform was problematic and that some of its functions could not be used properly. At the same time, Kraken and Gemini exchanges also reported user connection problems and platform delays.
尽管币安在次日凌晨2点恢复了所有杠杆代币的申购与赎回功能，Coinbase也在约一个半小时后恢复了正常运行，火币提现服务也在当晚11点半左右逐渐恢复。然而，在交易所宕机期间，比特币价格已经反弹至38000美元/枚左右。不少打算“抄底”比特币的投资者表示，由于交易所突发宕机，他们在比特币跌至3万美元附近时未能抓住买入良机。对于其他币圈玩家来说，交易所的宕机或暂停提币导致部分投资者无法及时追缴保证金或撤单止损，最终被迫接受强制平仓的命运。
In spite of the fact that the currency restored all leverage for money requisitions and foreclosures at 2 a.m. the following morning, Coinbase resumed normal operations about an hour and a half later, and the tender delivery service gradually resumed at around 11:30 p.m. However, bitcoin prices rebounded to around $38,000 during the exchange crash.
据21世纪经济报道援引bybt数据，5月19日晚，总计约77.57万人遭遇爆仓，损失超过67亿美元。其中最大的一笔爆仓发生在Huobi-BTC，涉及金额高达6700.01万美元。有投资者反映，他们的账户连续遭到爆仓，部分投资者正计划就强制平仓一事寻求维权。
According to the 21st century economic report, according to bybt data, on the night of 19 May, a total of approximately 777,500 people were hit by a blast, with losses of over $6.7 billion. The largest of these was in Huobi-BTC, which involved up to $670.01 million. Investors responded that their accounts had been blown up successively, and some were planning to assert their rights in relation to forced silos.
去年3月22日，中国人民银行官方微信公众号发布的文章《警惕！别让虚拟货币交易平台骗了你》中指出，部分虚拟货币交易平台存在恶意宕机迫使杠杆交易爆仓、阻碍客户正常交易等情况，涉嫌操纵市场。当前，币安、Coinbase等交易所对于交易所宕机的原因解释均为网络拥堵，不过在许多币圈人士看来，这类事件似乎已成为行业的“常态”。
On March 22, last year, the article published by the official People’s Bank of China’s Twitter public, Vigilance! Don’t let the Virtual Money Exchange Platform deceive you, states that some virtual money trading platforms are suspected of manipulation of the market by maliciously forcing leveraged transactions to blow up and preventing regular transactions by their customers. At the moment, exchange accounts such as the exchange of money and Coinbase explain the reasons for the exchange’s failure to operate, although, according to many in the currency circles, such incidents appear to have become “normal” for the industry.
比如，5月10日晚，币安交易所由于交易过载短暂暂停了所有提款服务。当晚，柴犬币SHIB登陆币安交易所后不久，币安即宣布恢复提币。不过，历史上也曾有过交易所暂停提现长达数十天的例子，比如OKEx曾在2020年10月16日至11月27日期间暂停了长达41天的提币服务。
For example, on the night of May 10, the currency exchange briefly suspended all withdrawals due to overloading of transactions. That evening, soon after SHIB landed on the exchange, the currency announced its resumption.
当时，OKEx发布公告称因部分私钥负责人配合公安机关调查而处于失联状态，故暂停提币。这一消息立刻在币圈引发恐慌，OKEx自家OKB（OK币）的价格遭到大量卖盘抛售，盘中跌幅一度超过17%，同时也拖累比特币和其他虚拟货币跟随下跌。此外，OKEx暂停提币公告还导致其关联公司欧科云链的股价暴跌16%。
At that time, OKEx issued a circular stating that it was in a state of disharmony as a result of the cooperation of some of its private key holders with the investigation by the public security authorities. This information immediately caused a panic in the currency circles, with the price of OKEx's own OKB (OKB) sold in large quantities, which fell by more than 17%, while also dragging Rebittco and other virtual currencies down.
彼时，OKEx钱包中约有20万枚比特币，市值约为150亿元人民币，约占比特币总流通量的1%。这意味着在这段时期内，价值近150亿元的比特币无法提现。
At the same time, there are about 200,000 bitcoins in the OKEx purse, which is at a market value of about RMB 15 billion, or about 1% of the total circulation of bitcoins. This means that about RMB 15 billion worth of bitcoins could not be recovered during this period.
矿业变革加速进行根据21世纪经济报道先前的报道，5月21日召开的国务院金融委第五十一次会议明确提出：“要坚决防控金融风险，严厉打击比特币挖矿和交易行为，防止个体风险向社会领域传导”。这是国家层面监管首次明确表达了打击比特币挖矿的立场，此举在业内被视为将加速比特币矿业出海的步伐。
According to previous reports from the 21st century economic report, the fifty-first meeting of the Finance Committee of the State Council, held on 21 May, made it clear that “it is imperative to prevent financial risks, to combat severely the mining and trading of bitcoin, and to prevent individual risks from passing on to the social sphere.” This was the first time that national regulation had clearly expressed its position against bitcoin mining, which was seen in industry as accelerating the pace of Bitcoin mining out of the sea.
这一决定犹如蝴蝶效应，美股上市的矿机生产商纷纷遭受重挫：比特矿业跌近20%，第九城市跌9%，嘉楠科技跌5.5%，Bit Digital、迅雷、亿邦国际、Marathon Patent等企业均录得4%以上的跌幅。
This decision, like the butterfly effect, has led to a major setback for the market producers of mine machines in the United States: the Bit mining industry fell by almost 20 per cent, the ninth city by 9 per cent, Kanaan technology by 5.5 per cent, and Bit Digital, Thunder, Billion International, Marathon Patent and others recorded more than 4 per cent.
面对政策变化，各大矿池也迅速调整策略。火币作为响应最快的头部平台之一，宣布暂停为大陆地区用户提供矿机及衍生服务，表示将更加专注于海外市场的开拓。此消息传出后，火币矿池的比特币算力占比出现显著下滑。
As one of the fastest-responding front-line platforms, it announced a moratorium on the provision of mine machines and derivative services to users in mainland areas, indicating that it would focus more on the opening of overseas markets. When the news came out, there was a marked decline in the bitcoin ratio of the pits.
与此同时，莱比特矿池（B.TOP）创始人江卓尔也在近期宣布停止为中国大陆境内客户提供矿机代购服务。他表示，虽未收到监管部门的具体要求，但考虑到最新的监管精神以及中国大陆境内业务在自营挖矿中的比重较小，决定停止提供中国大陆境内公众矿机代购服务，并采取相应措施确保现有客户不会蒙受损失。
At the same time, the founder of the Lebitt pit (B. TOP) has recently announced the cessation of the commissioning service for customers in mainland China. He states that, while no specific request has been received from the regulatory authorities, taking into account the latest regulatory spirit and the small share of operations in self-mining in mainland China, he has decided to discontinue the commissioning service for public miners in mainland China and to take appropriate measures to ensure that existing customers do not suffer loss.
对于国内矿业的未来，业内人士普遍认为短期内将迎来快速调整期。比特时代副总裁在其微博上表示，预计未来一个月内全国范围内的停电、拉闸将成为常态，这种形势将导致比特币算力持续下降，进一步加剧市场的恐慌情绪。他还透露，新疆地区已开始大规模关闭比特币矿场。
For the future of the country’s mining industry, it is widely believed that rapid adjustment will take place in the short term. The Vice-President of the Bit era, on his tweet, said that nationwide power outages and brakes are expected to become normal in the coming month, and that this situation will lead to a continued decline in Bitcoins’ arithmetic, further exacerbating market panic. He also revealed that Xinjiang has begun to shut down the Bitcoin mines on a massive scale.
对于未来监管政策对矿业的具体影响，币圈各方正密切关注着事态的发展。
The currency circles are closely following developments with regard to the specific impact of future regulatory policies on mining.
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