区块链作为新基建的技术之一，
block chain as one of the new building technologies,
被视为下一代互联网的底层技术，
.
区块链技术真正落地应用，
也给整个社会带来了
重大的创新机遇。
Major opportunities for innovation.
什么是区块链
区块链，就是一个又一个区块组成的链条。每一个区块中保存了一定的信息，它们按照各自产生的时间顺序连接成链条。这个链条被保存在所有的服务器中，只要整个系统中有一台服务器可以工作，整条区块链就是安全的。这些服务器在区块链系统中被称为节点，它们为整个区块链系统提供存储空间和算力支持。如果要修改区块链中的信息，必须征得半数以上节点的同意并修改所有节点中的信息，而这些节点通常掌握在不同的主体手中，因此篡改区块链中的信息是一件极其困难的事。
block chain 相比于传统的网络，区块链具有两大核心特点： 数据难以篡改和去中心化。基于这两个特点，区块链所记录的信息更加真实可靠，可以帮助解决人们互不信任的问题。
, compared to traditional networks, the block chain has two core features: data is difficult to manipulate and decentralize . On the basis of these two characteristics, the information recorded in the block chain is more reliable and can help resolve issues of mutual distrust.
实践与应用
practice and application
区块链的应用十分广泛。比如，用区块链来进行商品溯源，记录进口奶粉、红酒等商品的信息，以确保到达消费者手中的不是假冒伪劣产品；与法院合作，用区块链来留存违法犯罪的证据。另外，区块链在艺术品交易、版权贸易、数字房产证、数字签名、公益募捐等领域也得到了应用。
block chains are widely used. For example, block chains are used to trace merchandise, record information on imports of goods such as milk powder, wine, etc., to ensure that they do not reach consumers under false pretences; in cooperation with the courts, block chains are used to retain evidence of criminal offences. In addition, block chains are applied in areas such as art trade, copyright trade, digital property certificates, digital signatures, public interest fund-raising, etc.
区块链被用于促进废品回收
block chains are used to facilitate the recovery of scrap 据西班牙《先锋报》网站报道，巴塞罗那诺萨马公司的Plastiks平台，使用区块链技术来促进世界各地的废品管理者、回收者和再生塑料买家进行交易。
As reported on the Spanish Pioneer website, the Plastiks platform of Barcelona Nosama uses block chain technology to facilitate the trade of waste managers, recyclers and buyers of regenerative plastics from around the world.
区块链在司法应用领域的创新实践不断涌现
Innovative practices in the area of judicial applications are emerging 日前，江苏省高级人民法院表示，江苏法院区块链节点已经存证电子材料、业务信息等数据377.9万份，上链法院83家。截至目前，在“区块链+司法”应用领域，已有北京、杭州、广州、石家庄多地人民法院布局区块链平台。据了解，自区块链存证的电子证据合法性首次被承认以来，区块链在推进解决取证难、存证难、认证难问题上应用已经初见成效。
区块链技术融入基层村域
block chain technology integrated into grass-roots villages 3月28日，河南、河北和湖北三省11个村委会已入驻“数字乡民”项目，上线了“数字乡民艺术卡”，推介当地乡村特色和风光。用户在购买这些数字藏品的同时，还拥有“数字乡民”荣誉称号，在村里旅游时可免费吃饭。“数字乡民”项目有关负责人介绍，项目首次尝试将区块链技术融入基层村域，和乡村集体经济相结合，借助网络拍卖平台的受众和技术优势，向全国推广各地乡村特色，通过开发数字文旅产品，助力数字乡村建设。
“数字乡民”项目生成的链上数字艺术作品
区块链技术助力破获电信诈骗案
区块链技术助推智慧民航建设
block chain technology to facilitate intelligent civil aviation construction 南航GAMECO航线机务工作人员使用手机APP签署电子维修记录
区块链技术应用于数字藏品
block chain technology applied to digital collections
4月15日，厦门轨道集团发布“厦门地铁数字纪念票”及碳积分体系。据悉，“厦门地铁数字纪念票”是国内轨道交通领域首次借助区块链技术加密发行的数字纪念地铁票。借助区块链技术，每张厦门地铁数字纪念票都有专属的序列号，相关信息一经上链不可篡改，具备唯一性，是个人专属收藏品。
At April 15, the Xiamen Orbital Group issued the Xiamen Metro Digital Medal and the Carbon Numeric System. The Xiamen Metro Digital Medal is known to be the first digital subway ticket to be issued in the domestic orbital transport field to be encrypted with block chain technology. With block chain technology, each Xiamen Digital Medal has a unique serial number, and the relevant information is a personal collection once the upper chain is undisguised.
厦门地铁数字纪念票
部署与规划
中央网信办等十六部门联合公布国家区块链创新应用试点名单
a pilot list of innovative applications of national block chains is published jointly by 16 departments, including the Central Network Information Office . ]
为深入开展区块链创新应用工作，中央网信办秘书局、中央宣传部办公厅、最高人民法院办公厅、最高人民检察院办公厅、教育部办公厅、工业和信息化部办公厅等十六部门近日联合印发通知，公布经地方和部门推荐、专家评审、网上公示等程序确定的15个综合性和164个特色领域国家区块链创新应用试点名单。
In order to further develop innovative applications of block chains, 16 departments, including the Secretariat of the Central Networked Information Office, the Office of the Central Communications Department, the Office of the Supreme People's Court, the Office of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Office of the Ministry of Education, the Office of the Ministry of Industry and Informatization, etc., have recently issued joint circulars publicizing a list of 15 pilot applications of integrated and 164 country-specific sector-specific area-specific innovative applications, as determined by local and departmental referral, expert review, online publicity, etc.
国务院：鼓励平台企业加快人工智能、区块链等领域技术研发突破
日前，国务院发布《关于印发扎实稳住经济一揽子政策措施的通知》，其中要求促进平台经济规范健康发展，鼓励平台企业加快人工智能、云计算、区块链、操作系统、处理器等领域技术研发突破。
《最高人民法院关于加强区块链司法应用的意见》发布
5月25日，最高人民法院发布《最高人民法院关于加强区块链司法应用的意见》，进一步推进人民法院运用以区块链为代表的关键技术加速人民法院数字化变革、创造更高水平数字正义，促进法治与科技深度融合发展、推动智慧法治建设迈向更高层次。
区块链在河北
雄安新区：区块链护航 数字技术改变生活
雄安新区积极部署区块链技术，为此专门成立了雄安区块链实验室。为了避免资金在使用过程中的截留或者挪用风险，开发了政府投资项目资金管理区块链系统，实现资金的精准拨付、及时拨付和透明拨付，截至目前已经完成政府投资资金支付200多亿元，惠及农民工约18万人次，未来，“区块链+数字人民币”在雄安新区的应用会变得越来越广。
Yun An New Zone actively deployed block chain technology through the establishment of a dedicated YU An block chain laboratory. To avoid the risk of funds being withheld or diverted in their use, a system of block chains for government investment project funds management has been developed to allow for the accurate, timely and transparent disbursement of funds. To date, over 20 billion yuan in government investment funds have been disbursed, benefiting about 180,000 farmers. In the future, the use of the block chain + the digital renminbi in YU An will become more widespread.
《河北省数字经济促进条例》
县级以上人民政府及其工业和信息化主管部门、发展改革部门，县级以上网信部门、省通信管理部门等应当按照全省数字产业发展要求，结合本地实际，制定政策措施，加快发展电子信息制造业、软件和信息服务业、电信广播电视和卫星传输服务业、互联网服务业，重点推动现代通信、新型显示、半导体材料与器件、汽车电子及产品、软件产品及服务、人工智能及智能装备、网络安全等新一代信息技术产业发展，培育区块链、量子信息、虚拟现实等产业。
the people's government at and above the county level and its industrial and informationization authorities, and the development of reform departments, at and above the county level, in accordance with the requirements of the provincial digital industry development and taking into account local realities, should develop policy measures to accelerate the development of the electronic information manufacturing industry, software and information services, telecommunications television and satellite transmission services, Internet services, with a focus on modern communications, new displays, semiconductor materials and devices, automobile electronics and products, software products and services, artificial intelligence and smart equipment, network security, etc., and to foster new-generation information technology industries, such as sector chains, quantum information, virtual reality, etc.
《河北省加强现代先进测量体系建设实施方案》
开展先进测量仪器设备研发和应用。推动量子芯片、物联网、区块链、人工智能等新技术在测量仪器设备中的应用，积极推进测量仪器设备智能化、网络化。 返回搜狐，查看更多
to develop and apply advanced measuring instrument equipment. To promote the application of new technologies in measuring instrument equipment, such as quantum chips, object networking, block chains , artificial intelligence, and to actively promote the intellectualization and networking of measuring instrumentation equipment. to return to search for more information
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