DAO，尽管DAO是（当时）历史上规模最大的众筹活动，但不幸的是，它遭到了黑客攻击。DAO的资金中有三分之一被盗（当时价值约5,000万美元）。社区在如何处理黑客问题上意见分歧，导致以太坊分裂（下文讨
资讯 2024-07-09 阅读:27 评论:0
交易，无论是简单的汇款还是智能合约或DApp的执行，都需要“加油”。天然气可以被视为交易费用。您使用Ether支付汽油费。交易费归矿工所有（如下所述）。
由于您可以在以太坊区块链上编程不同的智能合约和DApp，因此以太坊用例仅受想象力的限制。这可能使以太坊比比特币（付款）等一次性使用的加密货币更有用。这也导致了“区块链2.0 ”（可编程交易）这一术语的产生。以太坊在这方面的创新甚至导致模仿者试图模仿以太坊的受欢迎程度和成功。
Since you can program different smart contracts and Dapps on the Taiwan block chain, the Taiwan example is limited only by imagination. This may make it more useful to use it as an encrypted currency that is used on a one-time basis, such as Bitcoin. This also leads to the term "block chain 2.0" (a programmable transaction).
如前所述，智能合约是被编程为自己运行的合约，那么为什么有帮助呢？智能合约可以消除中间人经常造成的效率低下。
As already mentioned, smart contracts are contracts that are programmed to run for themselves, so why help? Smart contracts can eliminate the inefficiencies often caused by intermediaries.
智能合约取代了像银行这样的中间商，甚至不再像Airbnb和Uber这样的服务提供商，例如，银行通常是向人们提供贷款的人，而不是拥有银行。可以编写智能合约，以便在某些条件满足时支付贷款。例如，一旦您支付了贷款金额，就可以自动将资金支付到您的账户中，而无需借贷者。对于Airbnb之类的东西，智能合约可以让租房者访问付款后的公寓。例子不胜枚举。
Smart contracts replace middlemen like banks, or even service providers like Airbnb and Uber, for example, banks usually provide loans to people rather than own banks. Smart contracts can be prepared to pay loans when certain terms are met. For example, once you have paid the loan, you can automatically pay the money to your account without having to borrow it.
智能合约可能是革命性的，并有可能颠覆许多行业和商业模式。内容创建者面临越来越大的压力，要求引入智能合约作为一种帮助内容创建者为其工作付款的方式。查看YouTubers和流媒体的智能合约设置。
Smart contracts can be revolutionary, and they can destabilize many industries and business models. Content creators are under increasing pressure to introduce smart contracts as a way to help content creators pay for their jobs.
当您进行交易时，该交易会广播到以太坊网络中，矿工会验证交易并将其分组为区块，然后将其添加到区块链中。以太坊交易是通过“工作证明”进行的。但是，他们正计划向“权益证明”迈进。矿工使用他们的采矿设备（例如计算机或专门的采矿设备）执行计算上的困难工作。最初，您可以通过以下二种方式开采以太坊：1，矿池采矿；2，独自采矿；无论谁完成这项工作，云采矿都必须先向区块链添加一个新区块。为了他们的努力，向矿工支付交易费（天然气）和新创建的以太币（如果他们先完成工作）。
以太坊的创始人Vitalik Buterin在2013年底的白皮书中发表了以太坊的想法。Buterin最初曾推动在比特币的区块链上进行应用程序开发（DApps），但比特币社区中的其他人不同意他的愿景，这导致他创建了以太坊。
At the end of 2013, Vitalik Buterin, the founder of Etheria, published the idea of Etherm in a white paper. But Buterin initially promoted application development (Dapps) on the Bitcoin block chain, but others in the Bitcoin community disagreed with his vision, which led to his creation.
以太坊于2014年1月正式宣布，其他团队成员包括有影响力的加密货币人员：
It was officially announced in January 2014 that other team members included influential encoded currency personnel:
- Charles Hoskinson（IOHK的创始人–以太坊经典和Cardano的创始人）
- Anthony Di Iorio（Jaxx的创始人）
- Mihai Alisie（比特币杂志联合创始人）
以太坊的ICO于2014年7月至2014年8月举行。参与者使用比特币为以太币支付了费用。一年后的2015年7月，以太坊正式上线。
Participants paid for it in bitcoin. One year later, in July 2015, it was officially launched.
人们意识到以太坊（Blockchain 2.0）的潜力，以太坊迅速普及。在短短的几年之内，以太坊就总市值而言成为第二大加密货币。
In just a few years, it became the second largest encrypted currency in terms of total market value.
虽然以太坊在加密货币领域迅速崛起，但不幸的是它遭受了一些备受瞩目的黑客攻击。
Despite its rapid rise in the area of crypto-currency, it was unfortunately subjected to a number of high-profile hacker attacks.
这是几个例子。
These are a few examples.
Parity是一家以太坊钱包提供商，017年7月，3000万美元的以太币从Parity钱包中被盗。同年11月不久，由于编码问题，冻结了1亿美元的资金。
前述的DAO黑客是以太坊社区中的此类攻击。人们不确定如何处理黑客攻击，出现了两个阵营。
The above-mentioned DAO hacker is an attack of this kind in the community. There are two camps where people don't know how to handle hacker attacks.
一方面，一些人想硬分叉（分割）以太坊区块链以恢复被盗的资金。另一方则认为这样做会违背区块链的“不变性”精神。这种分歧导致以太坊分裂为以太坊（分叉的区块链）和以太坊经典（不变的区块链）。
On the one hand, some would prefer a hard fork (divide) to restore stolen funds. On the other hand, it would be contrary to the “non-change” spirit of the block chain.
由于区块链技术，以太坊无法进行任何审查。数据托管在世界各地的节点上，因此如果不控制数千个节点就无法进行审查或数据更改。
Because of block chain technology, it is not possible to perform any review. Data are held on nodes around the world, so that no review or data changes can be performed without control of thousands of nodes.
由于以太坊不在一台服务器上（集中式），而是托管在数千个节点上（分散式），因此没有停机时间（除非所有节点同时崩溃，这是不可能的）。
Since Etheria is not on a server (centralized), but is hosted on thousands of nodes (decentralized), there is no time to stop (unless all nodes collapse simultaneously, which is impossible).
随着智能合约的推出，以太坊是一个非常通用的平台，可以彻底改变许多行业（如之前提到的银行和Airbnb）。
With the introduction of smart contracts, Etherwood is a very common platform that can radically change many industries (e.g. banks and Airbnb, as mentioned earlier).
以太坊是启动ICO最受欢迎的平台之一。以太坊的区块链使开发人员相对容易地创建DApp，DAO和其他加密资产。因此，它已成为ICO和开发人员越来越流行和方便的平台。
Ether is one of the most popular platforms for launching ICO. The Etherm block chain makes it relatively easy for developers to create Dapps, DAOs and other encrypted assets. As a result, it has become an increasingly popular and convenient platform for ICO and developers.
以太坊区块链上的采矿和转让令牌更快，特别是与比特币相比。转移比特币可能需要10分钟（甚至更长），而转移以太坊则需要几秒钟。
Mining and transfer medals are faster on the Taiwan block chain, especially when compared to Bitcoin. It takes 10 minutes (or even longer) to transfer bitcoin, and it takes a few seconds to move it.
以太坊使用它自己的编程语言，不熟悉导致代码被写入错误，从而导致像类似的复仇DAO hack.Projects问题又出现了。解决这一问题，并允许程序员使用更熟悉的语言如Javascript 。
以太坊就像比特币一样，随着越来越流行，也面临着问题。诸如CryptoKitties之类的游戏会引起网络拥塞的事实令人担忧，如果以太坊无法处理许多交易，一些批评家想知道它将如何扩展以满足主流用户的需求？
Etheria, like Bitcoin, faces problems as it becomes more popular. The fact that games like CryptoKittys can cause cyber congestion is worrying. If Ether is unable to handle many transactions, some critics wonder how it will expand to meet the needs of mainstream users.
以太坊平台上的交易费用以Gas支付-并且可以迅速膨胀。实际上，以太坊在使用高峰期的交易费用最多增加了70％。如下表所示，交易费用在过去几个月中发生了巨大的波动。
The transaction costs on the Taiwan platform are paid for by Gas – and can be rapidly inflated. In fact, the transaction costs on the island have increased by up to 70% during the peak period of use.
以太坊的另一个技术问题是，有时以太坊钱包无法与区块链正确同步。这意味着有时用户看不到他们钱包的实际余额，并且数字可能不准确。您可以想象，这对于某些用户来说有点令人担忧！
Another technical problem with Etheria is that sometimes it is not possible to synchronize properly with the block chain. This means that sometimes users don't see the actual balance of their wallets and the numbers may not be accurate. As you can imagine, this is a little worrying for some users.
那么以太坊和比特币之间的最大区别是什么？以太坊和比特币之间的主要区别在于智能合约，以太坊允许使用智能合约和DApp，而不仅仅是付款。
更快的交易：单个以太坊区块的开采时间以秒为单位，以分钟为单位（比特币）。
Faster transactions: the time of extraction of each of the Taiwan blocks is in seconds and in minutes (bitcoin).
应用不同：比特币更像是价值存储，而以太坊则允许在其平台上开发去中心化应用程序。
Different applications: Bitcoin is more like a store of values, while Etheria allows the development of decentralized applications on its platform.
功能：以太坊的技术旨在为开发人员提供DApp和智能合约。在这方面，以太坊比比特币更具通用性。
Function: The Etherm technology is designed to provide developers with Dapps and smart contracts.
工作量证明与权益量证明：虽然目前都使用工作量证明来开采比特币和以太坊，但这种情况可能很快就会改变。
Workload certification and equity certification: While workload certification is currently used for the extraction of Bitcoin and Etheria, this situation may change soon.
Vitalik Buterin（以太坊的创建者）实际上已经发布了Casper协议的详细信息，它将使用权益证明。
Vitalik Buterin (the founder of Ethio) has in fact published detailed information on the Casper agreement, which will use the certificate of entitlement.
DAO是使用智能合约运作的分散和自治组织。智能合约包含组织的规则和运营结构，从而无需集中控制和领导。
A smart contract contains the rules and operating structure of the organization, so that there is no need for centralized control and leadership.
例如，成员可以提交提案，然后由整个组织投票。如果提案获得足够的票数，则该提案将自动获得批准，而无需计算票数或将倡议推进。
For example, a member may submit a proposal, which will then be voted on by the organization as a whole. If the proposal receives a sufficient number of votes, the proposal will be automatically approved without counting the votes or moving the initiative forward.
DAO分散后，它由购买其代币的人“拥有”。令牌赋予成员投票权，比例与组织成员持有的令牌的百分比成正比。DAO最著名的例子也许是The DAO，它是一个分散的风险投资基金。DAO的投资者获得了与他们持有的DAO代币数量成正比的投资建议的投票权。不幸的是，DAO被黑客入侵。
When the DAO is dispersed, it is “owned” by the person who buys its tokens. The medal gives members the right to vote, proportionally compared to the percentage of the medals held by the members of the organization. Perhaps the most famous example of the DAO is The DAO, which is a decentralized venture capital fund. DAO investors have the right to vote on investment proposals that are proportional to the number of DAOs they hold. Unfortunately, DAOs have been hacked.
初始代币发行或ICO是以太坊最著名的用途之一。尽管ICO也发生在其他平台上，但绝大多数还是基于以太坊的。ICO确实在2017年起飞。根据ICOdata的数据，ICO在2017年筹集了61亿美元。类似于首次公开募股（IPO），ICO允许公司从投资者那里筹集资金。区别在于，代币发行不是发行股票，而是发行数字令牌。
The ICO did take off in 2017. According to ICOdata, ICO raised $6.1 billion in 2017. Similar to the IPO, ICO allows companies to raise money from investors. The difference is that it is not issuing shares, but issuing digital medals.
而且，与IPO不同，ICO不需要放弃任何股权。投资者购买ICO代币是希望其价值会升值。但是，也可以购买代币以仅使用ICO团队发布的平台。
And, unlike IPOs, ICOs do not have to give up any equity. Investors buy ICO tokens in the hope that their value will appreciate.
尽管ICO已成为项目在不放弃对其公司控制权的情况下获得资金的绝佳方式，但ICO模式却受到了质疑。
Although ICO has become an excellent way for the project to obtain funds without relinquishing control over its company, the ICO model has been called into question.
首先，大多数ICO是骗局。
First of all, most ICOs are scams.
要考虑的另一件事是，一些ICO项目已经筹集了数亿美元。但是，对于拟议进行的开发，通常不需要如此级别的资金。
Another thing to consider is that some ICO projects have already raised hundreds of millions of dollars. However, this level of funding is usually not required for the proposed development.
DAO发行ICO时是有史以来规模最大的众筹活动（1.2亿美元）。从那时起，其他项目已经超过了这个数量。但是有些甚至没有有效的产品！
如前所述，以太坊托管许多DApp。DApp的状态列出了1,500多个DApp（2018年5月24日），但这只是DApp的状态选择突出显示的那些。那里可能还有更多。
As already mentioned, there are a lot of Dapps hosted by the Taiwan. The status of Dapp lists more than 1,500 Dapps (24 May 2018), but this is only those highlighted by Dapp's status selection. There may be more.
OmiseGO是2017年最大的以太坊ICO之一，筹集了2500万美元。该项目背后的公司Omise是一家东南亚支付服务公司。
OmiseGO, one of the largest ICOs in Ethio in 2017, raised $25 million. Omise, the company behind the project, is a South-East Asian payment service company.
该公司旨在通过OmiseGO开发一个平台，该平台允许跨不同货币（包括加密货币和美元等法定货币）进行价值交换和各种支付解决方案。
The company aims to develop, through OmiseGO, a platform that allows value swaps and payment solutions across different currencies, including legal currencies such as encrypted currency and the United States dollar.
Omise本身已经是一家历史悠久的公司，拥有100多名员工，在亚洲设有办事处，并在2016年被《福布斯》泰国杂志评为“”。
另外，他们的平台不需要银行账户或国际交易费用。这在像东南亚这样的许多人没有传统银行服务的地方尤其有用。
Moreover, their platforms do not require bank accounts or international transaction costs. This is particularly useful where many people like South-East Asia do not have traditional banking services.
尽管有大量的ICO，甚至ICO项目的工作与OMG（缩写）相似，但OmiseGO项目因其团队而脱颖而出。
Although the work of a large number of ICOs and even ICO projects is similar to that of OMG, the OmiseGO project has been distinguished by its team.
没有臭名昭著的CryptoKitties，就不会提及以太坊DApp。CryptoKitties是一款基于以太坊的游戏，允许玩家购买，收集，繁殖甚至出售虚拟猫。由于区块链技术将以太坊的区块链存储在世界各地的节点上，因此每只猫都是独一无二的，无法被摧毁。
Without the infamous CryptoKittys, there is no mention of the Etheria Dapp. CryptoKittys is a game based on Etheria that allows players to buy, collect, reproduce, and even sell virtual cats. Since the block chain technology will be stored at nodes around the world, each cat is unique and cannot be destroyed.
虽然游戏听起来像是在开玩笑，但它像过去的其他类似游戏（Tamagotchi，Pokemon等）一样风靡一时。其中一些虚拟猫的售价超过10万美元。
Although the game sounds like a joke, it's like a game of the past (Tamagotchi, Pokemon, etc.). Some of the virtual cats sell more than $100,000 .
不仅如此，CryptoKitties公司本身还从投资者那里筹集了1200万美元，其中包括Union Square Ventures和Andreessen Horowitz等顶级投资基金。CryptoKitties的普及甚至堵塞了了整个以太坊网络，提高了交易费用并增加了未处理的交易。
Moreover, CryptoKittys itself raised $12 million from investors, including top investment funds such as Union Square Ventures and Andreasen Horowitz. The spread of CryptoKittys has even blocked the entire Etheria network, raised transaction costs and increased unprocessed transactions.
Golem是另一个基于以太坊的项目。像以太坊本身一样，Golem的目标是成为一个去中心化的“超级计算机”。
Golem is another project based on Etheria. Like the Etheria itself, Golem aims to be a decentralised "supercomputer."
但是，Golem用户可以存储其他人的计算能力，而不是存储可以使用以太坊节点的计算能力运行的智能合约和DApp。具有额外计算能力的人可以让其他人在收取费用的同时使用它。这种模式导致Golem被昵称为“计算的Airbnb”。由于重型计算可能会很昂贵，因此这对于需要大量计算资源但财务有限的人们可能很有用。我想到的用例包括人工智能，CGI渲染和医学研究。
However, Golem users can store the computing capabilities of others, rather than the smart contracts and Dapps that can run with the computing capabilities of the Taiyo node. People with extra computing capabilities can use them at the same time as others charge. This pattern leads Golem to be nicknamed “Airbnb”. Because heavy computing can be expensive, it may be useful for people who need a lot of computing resources but have limited financial resources. I think the examples include artificial intelligence, CGI rendering and medical research.
与比特币不同，以太坊的总供应量没有设定。截至2018年5月24日，流通供应量（现有ETH）为110249440枚（截止2021年1月4日）。
Unlike Bitcoin, the total supply is not set in the Taiku. As of 24 May 2018, the amount in circulation (at present ETH) was 110,29440 (as of 4 January 2021).
截至2021年1月4日，以太坊的价格为954美元。但是，以太坊价格往往会大幅波动，并且这些价格每天（每小时）波动。需要特别注意的是，加密货币市场非常波动-从下面的图表（5年期）可以看出：
As of 4 January 2021, it was $954 at Taiwan’s price. However, it is often very volatile and these prices fluctuate every day (per hour). Special attention needs to be paid to the volatility of the encrypted currency market – as can be seen from the chart below (for a period of five years):
您实际上可以通过Coin Market Cap等网站跟踪以太坊和其他加密货币的实时价格。硬币市值可以细分价格历史记录，总市值和当前市场价格。
The market value of coins can be broken down by price history, total market value and current market prices.
如前所述，以太坊阻塞时间以秒为单位。您可以通过查看平均以太坊阻止时间（截至2020年5月23日为15.3秒）来查看发送以太坊所需的时间。由于挖掘区块意味着向区块链添加区块，因此区块时间就是以太坊交易结算的速度。
As already mentioned, the time of blockage is in seconds. You can see the time taken to send it by looking at the average time of stoppage (15.3 seconds as of May 23, 2020). Since digging blocks means adding blocks to the chain of blocks, the time of the block is the speed at which they are settled.
以太坊可以存储在加密货币钱包中，例如官方的以太坊钱包或其他流行的替代品中。您还可以将以太坊存储在硬件钱包，在线交换甚至纸质钱包上。
You can also store it on hardware wallets, online exchanges, and even paper wallets.
Vitalik Buterin是以太坊的创始人。Vitalik –来自多伦多的一名程序员–从10岁开始就开发视频游戏。然后在2011年，他17岁时通过父亲发现了比特币。当Vitalik第一次听说比特币时，他实际上拒绝了这个想法。
Vitalik Buterin was the founder of the Taiku. Vitalik – a programmer from Toronto – developed video games since he was 10. Then in 2011, when he was 17, he found Bitcoin through his father. When Vitalik first heard of Bitcoin, he actually rejected the idea.
但是，他后来与他人共同创立了比特币杂志，撰写了数百篇有关加密货币的文章。然后在2013年，他发布了一份白皮书，讨论了将区块链用于不仅仅是价值存储（例如比特币）的想法。相反，他提议通过基于区块链的平台（现在称为以太坊）开发去中心化应用程序。
In 2013, he published a white paper discussing the idea of using block chains for more than just value storage (e.g., Bitcoin). Instead, he proposes to develop decentralized applications through a platform based on block chains (now called Etheria).
以太坊的挖矿方式类似于比特币–使用工作量证明模型。通常，您需要使用采矿设备和GPU硬件来开采以太坊。可以使用CPU处理器进行挖掘，但是它会更慢且总体上效率较低。然而，随着Casper协议的计划，以太坊正在朝着权益证明迈进。实际上，我已经在这里详细解释了两种挖掘模型的工作方式。
Mining in the Taiku is similar to the Bitcoin - a workload proof model. Usually, you need to use mining equipment and GPU hardware for mining in the Tai Po. The CPU processor can be used for digging, but it will be slower and less efficient overall. However, with the Casper agreement, the Tai Po is moving towards proof of interest. In fact, I have explained in detail the two ways in which the excavator model works.
像任何加密货币一样，以太坊的价格难以置信地波动和不可预测。市场主要取决于新闻-以及整体投资者的信心。例如，如果投资者信心低下，价格就会下跌。以下是几个例子说明为什么以太坊的价格在过去几个月中大幅下跌：
As with any encrypted currency, the prices of Tai Jin are incredibly volatile and unpredictable. Markets depend mainly on news - and the confidence of investors as a whole. For example, if investors have low confidence, prices fall.
- 加密货币市场在2018年被坏消息轰炸。
- 政府正在打击。
- 备受瞩目的交易所已被黑客入侵-足以吓跑大多数投资者。
- 多米诺骨牌效应：当市场情绪下降时，它会产生潮汐，以太坊的价格将越来越低。
以太坊气体是在以太坊区块链上处理交易的费用，它测量处理以太坊交易所需的计算能力。
The Etherm gas is the cost of processing transactions on the Etherm block chain, which measures the computing capacity required for handling transactions in the Etherm.
有一个流行的比喻：“比特币是黄金，以太坊是石油”。比特币是黄金。稀有的软金属，在日常生活中毫无用处。您不能建造房屋或用其制造工具，但是当全世界同意将其用作人类之间的通用货币时，它就变得很有价值。因此，黄金非常昂贵。
以太坊是石油（尽管我更喜欢用电类比）。不仅可以提取石油来出售，还可以始终将其用于取暖，发电或为机械和工厂使用汽油。即使没有人愿意购买您的石油，它也可以解决实际的应用问题-它可以帮助人们生存和生存，以及电力。
Etheria is oil (though I prefer to use electricity). Not only can it be extracted for sale, but it can always be used for heating, power generation, or gasoline for machinery and factories. Even if no one wants to buy your oil, it can solve practical applications -- it can help people survive and survive, as well as electricity.
它表明比特币和以太币之间没有竞争。没有人可以说明天的石油可以代替黄金，反之亦然。
It shows that there is no competition between Bitcoin and Ether. No one can say that tomorrow's oil can replace gold, and vice versa.
如果说比特币是数字黄金，以太坊是数字石油，那么为什么Filecoin&IPFS被称为数字时代的基础设施呢？欢迎关注《星际空间IPFS》，星际空间作为Filecoin&ipfs生态的建设者和开发者，将持续给大家带来关于区块链、加密货币、Filecoin&ipfs的内容和最新消息。
If Bitcoin is digital gold and Ether is digital oil, why is Filecoin&IPFS called an infrastructure in the digital age? Welcome to the Interstellar Space IPFS, which, as a builder and developer of Filecoin&ipfs ecology, will continue to bring you news about block chains, encrypted money, Filecoin&ipfs and the latest.
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