区块链
Block Chain
一种分布式数据库系统，也可理解为由多个节点共同维护的分布式账簿技术，其特点是不易篡改、很难伪造、可追溯。区块链记录发生交易的所有信息，一旦数据进入区块链，即使是内部工作人员也很难在其中做任何更改而不被发现。这种很难更改的特点不是来自某种操作，而是由于区块链系统和机制（数学算法）本身。
A distributed database system can also be understood as a distributed book technology maintained by multiple nodes, which is not easily tampered with, is difficult to forge, and is retraceable. The block chain records all information on which a transaction takes place, and it is difficult for even internal staff to make any changes without detection once the data enters the block chain. This hard-to-change feature comes not from an operation, but from the block chain systems and mechanisms themselves (mathematic algorithms).
公有链
It's a public chain.
区块链的一种，所有节点都可以加入投票、记账、建块。任何个体或者团体都可以发送交易，且交易能够获得该区块链的有效确认，任何节点都可以参与其共识过程，数据公开。其特点是中立、开放、交易速度慢、需要挖矿或类似挖矿技术，常用P2P网络，抗审查性高。
Any individual or group can send a transaction, and the transaction can be validly confirmed in the block chain, and any node can participate in its consensual process, with data being made public.
许可链
Permit chain.
区块链的一种，只有被许可的节点才能参与投票、记账、建块，包括私有链、联盟链、企业链等所有非公有链。任何个体或者团体都可以交易，但只有被许可的节点才能参与投票、记账、建块。其特点是交易速度快、不需要挖矿、交易成本低、可审查。
Any individual or group can trade, but only the licensed nodes can vote, account for, and build blocks. They are characterized by speed, no need to dig, low transaction costs, and reviewable.
双链架构
Double-chain structure
将原本承载执行交易和账簿维护信息功能的一种区块链，分成“账户区块链”和“交易区块链”两种功能相对简单链条，简化架构以及计算过程。其中，账户链负责维护账户信息，交易链负责执行交易和维护交易历史。使用者可以选择不同的硬件来执行这两种链，以提高速度和保护隐私。
Simplify the structure and calculation process by dividing a block chain that originally carried out the transaction and book maintenance information function into a relatively simple chain of two functions: the “account block chain” and the “transaction block chain” in which the account chain is responsible for maintaining account information, the transaction chain is responsible for carrying out the transaction and maintaining the history of the transaction. Users can choose different hardware to implement the two chains in order to improve speed and protect privacy.
（文/张 忱）
(Man/Jan Jing)
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