根据美国《华尔街日报》9月29日报道,包括BitFlyer在内的11家数字货币交易所获得日本金融厅(FSA)颁发的首批数字货币交易所运营许可,另外17家数字货币运营商则正在接受审核。
According to the United States Wall Street Journal, on 29 September, 11 digital currency exchanges, including BitFlyer, were licensed to operate the first digital currency exchange issued by the Japan Financial Services Agency (FSA), while 17 digital currency operators are being audited.
《华尔街日报》称,相关规定要求日本比特币交易所维持最低资本-准备金要求、分离客户账户、采取反洗钱和“了解你的客户”(know-your-customer)操作。
According to the Wall Street Journal, the regulations require the Japanese Bitcoin Exchange to maintain minimum capital-reserve requirements, separate customer accounts, undertake anti-money-laundering and “know your customer” operations.
数字加密货币信息网站coindesk报道称,虽然日本比特币交易所迎来重大利好,但截至目前,已经有12家日本加密货币交易所关门。
The digital encrypted currency information website codesk reports that, while the Japanese Bitcoin exchange has received significant benefits, to date, 12 Japanese encrypted currency exchanges have been closed.
而美国媒体Business Insider称,这也是日本在数字加密货币界成为领军国的一大步。
According to the American media Business Insider, this is also a major step forward for Japan in becoming a leading country in the digital-encrypted currency community.
在29日早些时候,韩国金融服务委员会(FSC)表示,将禁止所有形式的代币融资(ICO)。这也意味着,韩国成为继中国之后叫停ICO的第二国。这也是中国关闭境内虚拟货币交易所之后,对日本比特币等虚拟货币发展的另一个利好消息。目前,日本已经是比特币交易第一大国。
Earlier on 29, the Korea Financial Services Commission (SSC) stated that it would ban all forms of proxy financing (ICO). This would also mean that South Korea became the second country to stop ICO after China.
根据美国《财富》杂志9月25日报道,日本金融机构将会对比特币在内的虚拟货币强烈关注,FSA在24日表示,从10月1日起,将会把日本的虚拟货币交易所放在全方位监管的框架之下,这包括监控交易所内部系统、检查客户资产保护机制,以及可能的现场检查。
According to the 25 September report in the United States journal Fortune, Japanese financial institutions will have a strong interest in virtual currency, including a bitcoin, and FSA indicated on 24 October that, as of 1 October, the Japanese virtual currency exchange would be placed under a comprehensive regulatory framework, which would include monitoring of the exchange's internal systems, checking of customer asset protection mechanisms, and possible on-site inspections.
在日本,推动虚拟货币发展的一个重要政策,是今年4月1日正式生效的《支付服务法案》,比特币作为虚拟货币支付手段合法性得到承认。这个法案还要求,所有日本国内的比特币交易所必须获得财政部和FSA的授权,否则不能作为虚拟货币交易所运行。
In Japan, an important policy to promote virtual currency development is the Payment Services Act, which entered into force on 1 April of this year, recognizing the legitimacy of Bitcoin as a virtual currency payment device. The bill also requires that all domestic Bitcoin exchanges in Japan must be authorized by the Ministry of Finance and the FSA, otherwise they cannot operate as a virtual currency exchange.
日本比特币交易所Coincheck在9月13日宣布,已经获得FSA下发的虚拟货币交易所牌照,这也是FSA下发的第一张比特币交易所牌照。
On 13 September, Coincheck, the Japanese Bitcoin Exchange, announced that it had obtained a virtual currency exchange licence plate issued by the FSA, which was also the first Bitcoin exchange licence plate issued by the FSA.
日本对比特币释放了多重利好。7月1日,日本新版消费税正式生效,比特币交易正式不再需要缴纳8%的消费税。也就是说,日本政府已经批准免除数字货币交易税,包括比特币。这也是导致日本取代中国,成为比特币交易第一大国的原因之一。
On July 1, Japan’s new version of the consumer tax came into effect, and Bitcoin transactions officially eliminated the need to pay a consumption tax of 8%. That is, the Japanese government has granted a waiver of the tax on digital currency transactions, including Bitcoin.
但日本也对《犯罪收益转移预防法案》进行了修订,要求比特币交易所实施比目前更加严格的KYC政策(指对账户持有人的强化审查,了解资金来源合法性,是反洗钱用于预防腐败的制度基础)。交易所必须开始核查开户用户的身份,保管交易记录,并且向监管机构报告可疑交易。
However, Japan has also amended the Act on the Prevention of the Transfer of Proceeds of Crime to require the Bitcoin Exchange to implement a more stringent KYC policy than is currently the case (i.e. enhanced scrutiny of account holders to understand the legitimacy of the source of funds and the institutional basis on which money-laundering can be used to prevent corruption). The Exchange must begin to verify the identity of the user of the opening account, maintain the record of the transaction and report suspicious transactions to the regulatory body.
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